You may have heard in recent years a reported increase in the diagnostic rate of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The most recent survey from the CDC estimates that about one in every 31 children aged 8 years old has received a diagnosis of ASD. This is a significant jump from the reported one in 36 from 2020 and one in 44 from 2018. Just 15 years ago, the estimated prevalence of ASD was one in every 68 children.
Despite false claims about vaccines or other environmental exposures, the increase in the prevalence of ASD can be attributed to scientific improvements in diagnostic standards. Historically, ASD has been underdiagnosed, especially in young women and minority populations.
Misinterpretations of autistic traits
Before receiving a formal diagnosis, many children with ASD may be perceived as simply quiet or shy, and more outward signs and indications of ASD go uninvestigated by their parents or teachers. Additionally, there is no single test to diagnose ASD. Rather, behavioral clinicians analyze a child’s behavior through a series of assessments and observations to determine a diagnosis. Conducting such reports requires substantial training, and behavioral clinicians are getting better at identifying certain trait presentations as ASD.
Historically underdiagnosed populations
15 years ago, the CDC reported “non-Hispanic white children were approximately 30% more likely to be identified with ASD than non-Hispanic black children, and were almost 50% more likely to be identified with ASD than Hispanic children.” Presently, the CDC reports no significant difference in the prevalence of ASD in any specific racial or ethnic group. The change reflects a closing of the racial and ethnic gap shared in earlier reports, and can likely be credited to increased screening, awareness and access to services for marginalized populations.
ASD is identified at over three times the rate in boys as it is in girls; however, researchers remain skeptical of this number. Cultural beliefs and stereotypes often lead to girls being dismissed or overlooked for an ASD diagnosis because certain traits may not manifest in the same way as they do in boys. Girls may have to exhibit more traits or experience a higher severity of deficits in social communication and interaction to receive a proper diagnosis and intervention.
Importance of early diagnosis
Parents should seek a diagnosis as early as possible if they suspect their child may have ASD. This way, children with ASD can receive services sooner that greatly improve their social and behavioral skills for long-term benefit. People with undiagnosed ASD who reach adulthood will often develop a co-occurring mental health condition due to not receiving interventionist treatment.
When ASD goes unsupported, children miss out on access to valuable services that can help them live more successful lives. Unsupported ASD can lead to:
- Poor graduation rates
- Homelessness
- Self-harm
- Abuse or neglect
- Bullying
- Underemployment or unemployment
- Impoverishment
Success in early intervention
The sooner a child receives an ASD diagnosis, the sooner they can benefit from therapies, school accommodations and individualized support strategies. Early intervention for children with ASD creates a better chance for them to see significant progress toward their skills and goals.
Behavioral care and applied behavior analysis (ABA) therapy are widely used treatments for children with ASD. Maxim Behavioral provides quality ABA therapy care in home, school and community-based environments. Our clinical team uses a flexible, empathy-based approach tailored to the unique needs of each child. If you need support navigating your child’s ASD diagnosis, we are here to help! Contact your local Maxim office for more information.
